Panoramic radiography in dentistry

Abstract Panoramic radiography is an extraoral modality that provides two-dimensional information about the teeth and maxillofacial skeleton. It a valuable adjunct for diagnosis treatment planning as it facilitates one-time imaging of all teeth, mandible, parts maxilla including large part maxillary sinus, hard palate temporomandibular joints (TMJs). As tomographic image prone to errors artefacts, good quality radiograph in most patients can be achieved by following standard rules through proper patient positioning. In this article, we will discuss indications panoramic imaging, steps taking radiograph, well limitations, pitfalls complications procedure. Tomographic joint also discussed.